Psychedelics and Comedy (with Sarah Rose Siskind)

Oct 27, 2020 Episode Page ↗
Overview

Spencer Greenberg and guest Sarah Rose Siskind discuss psychedelic drug pros and cons, Siskind's evolving views on libertarianism, and her insights into defining and understanding comedy.

At a Glance
44 Insights
1h 49m Duration
16 Topics
6 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

Introduction to Psychedelics and Personal Experience

Therapeutic Benefits and Potential Harms of Psychedelics

Five Types of Risks Associated with Psychedelic Use

Importance of Setting for a Positive Psychedelic Experience

Practical Tips for Safe Psychedelic Use

Personal Account of a Bad Psychedelic Trip

How Psychedelics Can Help with Trauma and Behavior Change

Evolution of Political Views: From Libertarianism to Empathy

Impact of Depression and Burning Man on Political Perspective

Critique of Libertarianism: Market Value vs. Societal Value

Four Ways Companies Cause Harm While Making Money

Debate on Income Inequality and Wealth Redistribution

Working as a Comedy Writer for a Humanoid Robot

Categorizing Different Types of Robot Humor

Defining Humor and the Benign Violation Theory

Humor's Relationship to Social Status and Criticism

Neuroplasticity

This refers to the brain's ability to change patterns and reform behaviors. Psychedelics are believed to enhance neuroplasticity, which can help address mental health issues characterized by compulsive pattern-seeking behaviors like rumination or addiction.

Epistemic Risk (Psychedelics)

This is the risk that individuals might interpret their psychedelic experience as a direct revelation of truth or reality, leading to the adoption of unusual or persistent beliefs that are not grounded in normal waking life, rather than understanding it as a temporary chemical alteration.

Benign Violation Theory

This theory suggests that humor arises from situations that are perceived as a 'violation' (something threatening or unsettling) but are simultaneously 'benign' (harmless or safe). The unexpected relief from a perceived threat, like mistaking rustling grass for a snake but finding monkeys having sex, can induce laughter.

Punching Up/Down (Comedy)

This concept describes the direction of humor in relation to social status. 'Punching up' involves making fun of those in power or with higher status, often seen as speaking truth to power. 'Punching down' involves making fun of those with less power or lower status, which can be perceived as mean-spirited or abusive.

Negative Externalities

These occur when a transaction between two parties harms a third party not involved in the transaction, such as a factory polluting a river and affecting a downstream business. The market's pricing mechanism fails to account for the cost imposed on the third party, leading to inefficient outcomes.

Anti-fragility

This concept describes systems or entities that not only resist chaos, disorder, or attacks (resilience) but are actually strengthened and improved by them. An example is the human immune system, which becomes stronger after exposure to viruses.

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How do psychedelics help with mental health issues?

Psychedelics increase neuroplasticity, which helps in changing patterns and reforming behaviors, addressing issues like rumination in depression or compulsive behaviors in OCD. They can also chemically lower fear responses when discussing trauma and provide a mental 'alibi' for exploring difficult thoughts.

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What are the risks associated with psychedelic use?

Risks include epistemic risks (developing persistent, unusual beliefs), triggering mental health problems like manic episodes in individuals with bipolar type 1 or schizophrenia, leading to bad decision-making, and experiencing 'bad trips' due to poor setting or unknown substances.

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How can one create a good setting for a psychedelic experience?

A good setting involves being with flexible people who can meet you where you are emotionally, utilizing resources like tripsit.com for difficult trips, performing drug testing to ensure purity and avoid doubt, and having a curated playlist for grounding and emotional support.

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How did Sarah Rose Siskind's views on libertarianism change?

Her views shifted from a strong individualistic stance, influenced by her father, after experiencing depression. This experience deepened her empathy, making her realize that not everyone starts with equal opportunities and that other values, beyond maximizing resources, like fair distribution, also matter.

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What are some ways companies can cause harm while making money in a free market?

Companies can cause harm through imperfect information (selling ineffective products), exploiting irrationality (selling addictive products or preying on grief), engaging in negative sum games (benefiting at a greater expense to others), and creating negative externalities (pollution, increased inequality).

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What is the role of a comedy writer for a robot?

A comedy writer for a robot, like Sarah Rose Siskind for Sophia, develops the robot's personality and specializes in making it funny. This involves understanding how to play with audience expectations, such as fears of robot uprisings or robots malfunctioning.

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Why can comedians get away with saying things others can't?

Comedians have a unique 'alibi' that allows them to speak truth to power or make potentially offensive statements. They can claim to be 'just a comedian' or that the listener 'can't take a joke,' providing a shield against accusations and opening a 'backdoor into consciousness' for discussing sensitive societal issues.

1. Utilize Psychedelics for Neuroplasticity

Understand that psychedelics can enhance neuroplasticity, which may aid in breaking compulsive patterns and reforming behaviors associated with various mental health issues like rumination, OCD, and addiction.

2. MDMA for Trauma Processing

Understand that MDMA can chemically reduce fear by lowering amygdala activity, making it easier to discuss and process traumatic incidents without the usual fight-or-flight response.

3. Reset Behavioral Patterns

Leverage the neuroplasticity induced by psychedelics to “snow over” old, ingrained behavioral patterns, creating an opportunity to establish new, healthier ways of thinking and acting.

4. Use Psychedelics as Mental Alibi

Utilize the “alibi” effect of psychedelics, where the drug experience provides a mental excuse to explore difficult thoughts or express silly ideas, thereby lowering psychological barriers.

5. Cultivate Childlike Perception

Embrace the childlike perception induced by psychedelics to deconstruct familiar objects and ideas, seeing their component parts rather than applying preconceived models, which can lead to new insights.

6. Deepen Empathy, Reassess Worldview

Allow difficult personal experiences, like depression, to deepen your empathy and prompt a re-evaluation of individualistic philosophies, recognizing the reality of unequal opportunities and the importance of collective well-being.

7. Embrace Unconditional Love

Recognize that love can be unconditional and not merely a conditional fulfillment of preferences, challenging purely logical or objectivist understandings of human connection.

8. Practice Accepting Stranger’s Kindness

Practice accepting kindness from strangers, as this can be a transformative experience that makes it easier to, in turn, offer unconditional love and support to others.

9. Utilize Community for Coping

Seek and engage with community support as a vital coping mechanism and pathway out of depression, recognizing the power of collective assistance.

10. Challenge Societal Norms

Reflect on alternative societal models like Burning Man to challenge assumptions about human nature and societal structures, recognizing that different norms of giving and community support are possible.

11. Avoid Psychedelics with Psychosis History

Avoid or tread extremely cautiously with psychedelics if you have a history of mania, bipolar, psychosis, or schizophrenia, as they may trigger mental health problems.

12. Test Psychedelics for Purity

Before ingesting psychedelics, use a drug testing kit to verify quality, purity, and absence of contaminants, as doubts about the substance can exacerbate a difficult experience.

13. Avoid Mixing Drugs Inexperienced

Exercise extreme caution when mixing different substances, especially if inexperienced, as chemicals can interact synergistically and lead to unpredictable and dangerous outcomes.

14. Defer Major Decisions Post-Trip

Do not make major life decisions (e.g., open marriage, driving) while on psychedelics or immediately after, as they can impair judgment and lower inhibitions.

15. Choose Flexible Trip Companions

Choose companions for psychedelic experiences who are flexible and can meet you where you are emotionally, as feeling abandoned or mismatched intentions can lead to upsetting trips.

16. Navigate Bad Trips Empathetically

When supporting someone on a bad trip, avoid denying their perceived reality; instead, work within their experience and gently guide them towards comforting or positive interpretations.

17. Seek Online Trip Support

In case of a difficult psychedelic experience without adequate in-person support, utilize online resources such as tripsit.com for assistance from experienced individuals.

18. Wait Two Hours for Boosters

If considering a booster dose of any substance, wait a minimum of two hours, as individual metabolism rates can vary and delay the onset of effects.

19. Trip with Trusted Friends

For your first psychedelic experience, avoid doing it with complete strangers; it’s safer with new friends if you also have trusted old friends present.

20. Manage Psychedelic Expectations

Approach psychedelic experiences with hope for a specific outcome (e.g., therapeutic insight) but avoid rigid expectations, as the experience may manifest differently (e.g., physical high, recreational).

21. Address Unseen Problems with Psychedelics

Be open to the possibility that psychedelics might address underlying issues you weren’t consciously aware of, even if the experience doesn’t align with your initial intentions.

22. Curate a Grounding Playlist

Prepare a diverse playlist, including psychedelic music from the 1960s, as it can provide grounding and comfort by spanning various emotions during a psychedelic experience.

23. Embrace All Trip Emotions

Embrace and allow yourself to experience all emotions, including sadness, during a psychedelic trip, as cathartic emotional releases can be profoundly valuable.

24. Consider Underdosing Risks

While common wisdom suggests starting with a low dose, be aware of the risk of underdosing causing disappointment; consider your body size and plan for a booster after at least two hours if needed.

25. Explore Psychedelics for Depression

If you have depression and 23andMe results suggest low SSRI responsiveness, consider alternative therapies like psychedelics, as they may be helpful.

26. Leverage Desperation for Openness

Recognize that desperation from mental health issues can lower risk aversion, making you more open to trying new, potentially helpful, experiences or therapies.

27. Monitor Ambien Use Closely

If taking Ambien, videotape yourself or have someone watch you to ensure you don’t lose your mind and forget about it, as it can induce unremembered hallucinations and bizarre behavior.

28. Adjust Ambien Dosage for Women

Be aware that traditional Ambien (zolpidem) dosages of 10mg may be too high for women or smaller men; a 5mg dose is often more appropriate due to physiological differences.

29. Guard Against Epistemic Drift

Be cautious about the epistemic risks of psychedelics, as they can challenge traditional ways of knowing and potentially lead to adopting unusual or unsubstantiated beliefs.

30. Master Unexpectedness in Humor

Understand that the core mechanism of humor is unexpectedness; jokes and sketches work by upending audience expectations.

31. Utilize Benign Violation Theory

Apply the benign violation theory to understand humor: it often stems from an unexpected event that initially seems threatening but is quickly revealed to be harmless, leading to relief and laughter.

32. Apply Humor as Medicine

Employ humor as a form of medicine, especially in difficult or sensitive contexts like funerals, by focusing on deeply human, funny stories or the absurd circumstances, as it aids in the grieving process.

33. Gauge Humor’s Punching Direction

When using humor for criticism, be mindful of your platform and influence; a joke intended to “punch up” can inadvertently become “punching down” as your social status or audience grows.

34. Use Comedy as Social Conduit

Leverage comedy as a powerful “backdoor to consciousness” and an “ironclad alibi” to discuss sensitive societal issues, speak truth to power, and challenge norms in ways other forms of communication cannot.

35. Adjust Humor for Empathy, Absurdity

Adjust your comedic approach based on character empathy and the show’s universe; humor can be enhanced by a lack of empathy for characters or by embracing an absurd, non-realistic setting where consequences are temporary.

36. Balance Absurdity and Truth in Humor

Recognize that humor effectively operates through two seemingly opposite mechanisms: presenting something so absurd it’s a release, and revealing something so unexpectedly true it resonates deeply.

37. Leverage Robot Expectations for Humor

When creating comedy with robots, leverage audience expectations and fears (e.g., robot uprising, malfunction, single-purpose absurdity) to generate humor.

38. Distinguish Market from True Value

Be critical of the conflation of market value with true societal value, recognizing that companies can make money while causing harm (e.g., through imperfect information, exploiting irrationality, negative externalities).

39. Recognize Exploitative Business Practices

Be aware of how businesses can exploit human irrationality, such as addiction, difficulty with small probabilities, or emotional states like grief, to generate profit.

40. Spot Negative Sum Business Models

Identify negative sum games where a company’s profit comes from helping one party at a greater net expense to others, such as spam software or test prep for fixed-slot competitions.

41. Address Negative Externalities

Acknowledge that negative externalities, such as pollution, are a significant market failure often overlooked by purely free-market approaches, necessitating solutions like Pigovian taxes to internalize costs.

42. Assess Regulation’s Dual Impact

Understand that while regulations can sometimes hinder progress or create unintended consequences, they are often a necessary response to market failures like asymmetric information, where sellers have more knowledge than buyers.

43. Counter Market Inequality

Recognize that a free-market capitalist system inherently tends to increase wealth inequality, suggesting that some form of redistribution may be necessary to ensure broader societal well-being.

44. Balance Wealth Taxation

When considering taxation of the wealthy, be mindful that excessively high rates can incentivize tax avoidance through relocation or asset manipulation, potentially making the policy self-defeating.

Psychedelics, they're essentially like the shaking motion to an Etch-a-Sketch, to use a scientific metaphor.

Sarah Rose Siskind

Tragedy is when I get a paper cut. Comedy is when you fall into an open sewer and die.

Sarah Rose Siskind

The medicine goes where it hurts.

Brennan Mulligan (quoted by Sarah Rose Siskind)

Being a comedian is a beautiful ironclad alibi excuse to get out of any accusation because either you're speaking truth to power or I was just joking. You can't take a joke.

Sarah Rose Siskind

Love is, like, love is, of course, unconditional. It's this absolute, like, je ne sais quoi thing. And that established in me a trust of things that you can't really explain or logically outline or scientifically observe.

Sarah Rose Siskind

Preparing for a Psychedelic Experience

Sarah Rose Siskind
  1. Be with flexible people who can meet you where you are emotionally, or have backup friends.
  2. Utilize online resources like tripsit.com if you're having a difficult trip and friends are not present.
  3. Buy a drug testing kit to test for quality, purity, and contamination of substances.
  4. Prepare a playlist for grounding and emotional support.
  5. Consider your size and metabolism when dosing, and plan for a booster if the initial amount is not working, waiting at least two hours before taking more.

Supporting Someone on a Bad Psychedelic Trip

Sarah Rose Siskind
  1. Avoid denying their experience; work within their reality.
  2. If they are seeing things, try to guide them to friendly or comforting aspects of their hallucinations (e.g., talking to a loved one if they see dead people).
  3. If they are paranoid, acknowledge their concern and offer reassurance (e.g., 'we're keeping an eye on that person').
10 milligrams
Ambien (Zolpidem) traditional dosage for women Historically, this dosage was considered huge for women, leading to adverse effects; now it's often reduced to 5 milligrams.
At least 2 hours
Recommended time to wait before taking a booster dose of a psychedelic This allows for individual metabolism differences and prevents synergistic effects from mixing substances too quickly.
8 hours
Duration Sarah Rose Siskind spent in the Zendo tent after her bad trip She was paralyzed and medically cuddled due to the effects of fentanyl and PCP.
180 pages
Length of Sarah Rose Siskind's undergraduate thesis on humor An attempt to define humor, which she describes as notoriously hard.