Inside Linear: Building with taste, craft, and focus | Karri Saarinen (co-founder, designer, CEO)

Oct 8, 2023 Episode Page ↗
Overview

Kari Saarinen, co-founder & CEO of Linear, discusses building a product-led company with a strong focus on craft and quality. He shares insights on Linear's unique approach to product development (no A/B tests, opinionated software, cycles), hiring (paid work trials, product-minded engineers), and growth (selective beta, segment-focused PMF).

At a Glance
26 Insights
1h 39m Duration
22 Topics
5 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

Karri's Background and Linear Overview

Linear's Design Process and Quality Focus

Building a Craft-Oriented Company Culture

Product Management Approach at Linear

Design and Brand as Competitive Advantages

Authenticity in Branding and Messaging

Linear's Design Review Process

The Linear Method for Software Development

Opinionated Software and Workflow Cycles

Thriving Without Metrics or A/B Testing

Customer-Focused Product Building Approach

Karri's Techniques for Maintaining Focus

Linear's Unique Hiring Practices

Paid Work Trials for Candidates

Assessing Candidate Product Sense

Linear's Early Growth and Milestones

Finding Product-Market Fit in Segments

Building Online Presence and Authenticity

Linear's Corporate Culture and Activities

Lessons from CEO Transition

Sneak Peek: Upcoming 'Asks' Feature

Lightning Round Questions

Opinionated Software

This refers to productivity software that provides strong defaults and predefined workflows, rather than being overly flexible. The goal is to reduce the time users spend configuring the tool, allowing them to focus on their actual work by offering what the creators believe is the most optimized solution.

Cycles

Linear's alternative to sprints, cycles are a way for teams to define a specific set of tasks to focus on for a set timeframe (e.g., one or two weeks). This helps teams prioritize and avoid distraction from an infinite list of potential tasks, providing clarity on current priorities.

Magic and Science (Linear's Product Approach)

Linear's internal philosophy for product development, balancing user research and understanding ('science') with intuition and judgment ('magic'). The 'science' involves extensive user conversations and understanding problems, which then informs the 'magic' of making intuitive product decisions without relying heavily on A/B testing or strict metrics.

Product Market Fit as a Spectrum

This concept views product market fit not as a binary 'have it or don't have it' state, but as a continuous spectrum. A company might have strong product market fit within a specific customer segment (e.g., early-stage startups) and then work to expand and strengthen that fit across other segments (e.g., larger companies) over time.

Paid Work Trial

A unique hiring practice at Linear where candidates, after initial interviews, work as mini-contractors on a real problem for a short, paid period. This allows both the company and the candidate to assess working compatibility, team dynamics, and problem-solving approaches in a practical setting.

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How important is design for new products today?

Design is increasingly critical; as markets become crowded, a high level of design is almost a basic requirement for people to even pay attention or consider a product seriously. It sets expectations and can be a strong differentiator, especially early on.

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How does Linear manage product development with only one Product Manager?

Linear operates with one Head of Product who focuses on defining product direction and aligning teams, rather than managing day-to-day tasks. Project ownership is given to engineering and design teams, who are expected to have a broader scope and product sensibility, taking on responsibilities often handled by PMs.

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How does Linear ensure product quality without A/B testing or metrics-based goals for features?

Linear emphasizes deep customer understanding through frequent user conversations and internal team empathy. Decisions are made based on this collective understanding and intuition, focusing on solving problems and delighting customers rather than optimizing specific metrics.

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How can founders prioritize craft in product development?

Prioritizing craft starts with hiring people who genuinely care about quality and ensuring it's a valued aspect of the company culture. It also involves giving project teams ownership and space to identify and implement improvements during the building phase, rather than solely perfecting designs upfront.

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How does Linear approach hiring for product-minded individuals?

Linear seeks candidates who are 'more than their title,' possessing a broader perspective, product thinking, and the ability to articulate opinions and judgments about product choices. They look for individuals interested in taking on more scope than their specific skillset might suggest.

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How did Linear manage its private beta and initial customer onboarding?

Linear used a waitlist with a survey to select smaller, early-stage companies using supported tools. They invited users in small cohorts (e.g., 10 people a week), gathered feedback, fixed issues, and then invited the next cohort, ensuring the product matured effectively before public launch.

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How should a company think about product market fit?

Product market fit should be viewed as a spectrum, not a binary state, often existing within specific market segments. Companies should focus on achieving strong fit in one category (e.g., early-stage startups) and then strategically expand to new areas, following where there is clear 'pull' from customers.

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What is Linear's upcoming 'Asks' feature?

The 'Asks' feature is an integration with Slack designed to allow non-product team members (or those not using Linear) to easily submit requests or questions to product teams. These requests can be triaged in Linear, and teams can communicate back through Slack, making product operations more inclusive.

1. Prioritize High-Level Design Early

Ensure your product has a high level of design from the very beginning, as the bar for user attention and serious consideration is now very high across most domains. This is crucial because crowded markets demand superior design to stand out against numerous existing solutions.

2. Cultivate Craft-Focused Hiring

When hiring, actively seek individuals who deeply care about product quality and craft, as this foundational value is essential for the business’s success. A product with friction or ‘paper cuts’ will annoy users, hindering collaboration and overall adoption.

3. Iterate Early, Polish Later

Instead of perfecting designs upfront, launch early versions of features to internal teams or opt-in beta customers to gather feedback and discover improvements. This approach balances the need for quick iteration with the goal of delivering a highly polished experience for general release.

4. Empower Project Team Ownership

Foster craft and quality by giving project teams, consisting of engineers and designers, full ownership over their work. This enables them to identify and implement detailed improvements, as they are intimately involved in the building process.

5. Align Founders on Quality

Founders must align on the importance of quality and craft to establish a consistent company culture. This alignment ensures that these values are instilled throughout the organization and consistently prioritized.

6. Hire Product-Minded Engineers & Designers

Reduce reliance on numerous Product Managers by hiring engineers and designers who possess strong product thinking, decision-making skills, and an interest in a broader scope beyond their specific technical role. This approach empowers builders to contribute more holistically to the product.

7. Interview for Product Sensibility

When interviewing non-PM roles, specifically inquire about candidates’ opinions on past product decisions, why they were made, and what they would have done differently. Look for candidates who can articulate reasoned arguments and demonstrate deep product judgment.

8. Leverage Design as a Differentiator

In crowded and mature markets, invest heavily in design and user experience, as it becomes a significant differentiator to attract and retain users. A strong brand and good design set high expectations and draw people to your product.

9. Build an Authentic Brand Gradually

Develop your brand authentically over time through consistent actions, communication, customer treatment, and product/website design, rather than just focusing on logos or colors. This builds a strong identity that resonates with your target audience and sets expectations.

10. Review Designs by Hands-On Testing

Conduct design reviews by personally interacting with the product, testing different states, and clicking around to identify janky animations or subtle flaws. This hands-on approach often reveals execution issues that demos might miss, ensuring the desired quality before release.

11. Implement Work Cycles for Focus

Utilize ‘cycles’ (similar to sprints) to define a focused set of priorities for a specific timeframe, such as one or two weeks. This helps teams concentrate on a few key tasks and avoid distractions from an ever-growing list of potential work.

12. Skip Metrics Goals for Features

Avoid setting specific numerical metrics goals for individual features or launches, as product success in complex systems is not always reducible to single metrics. Instead, focus on solving problems and ensuring customer satisfaction with the solution.

13. Balance Intuition with Research

Combine user research and customer interaction (‘science’) with informed intuition and judgment (‘magic’) when making product decisions. This approach ensures a deep understanding of customer needs while allowing for decisive action without being solely driven by data.

14. Encourage Team-Wide Customer Engagement

Foster a culture where the entire team, including engineers and designers, regularly interacts with customers, answers questions, and gains a deep understanding of their problems. This shared empathy and understanding inform better product decisions.

15. Embrace Mistakes, Prioritize Fixing

Cultivate an organizational mindset that is comfortable with making mistakes, viewing them as opportunities for learning and quick correction. This encourages decisive action rather than paralysis from fear of making the wrong choice.

16. Focus on the Main Quest

Prioritize tasks that directly advance the core mission of building and improving the product for customers, consciously avoiding ‘side quests’ or non-essential activities. This ensures sustained focus and efficient progress on high-impact work.

17. Delay Non-Essential Certifications

Postpone non-critical tasks, such as obtaining security certifications (e.g., SOC 2), until they are genuinely necessary for business operations or customer requirements. This maintains focus on core product development in early stages.

18. Hire Fewer, High-Scope Individuals

Build a lean team by hiring fewer, highly capable individuals who are willing and able to take on a broader scope of responsibilities than their specific job title suggests. This fosters a more agile and interconnected team where people rarely limit themselves to ‘it’s not my job’.

19. Utilize Paid Work Trials for Hiring

Implement paid work trials as the final step in the hiring process, allowing candidates to work on a real problem with the team, gaining access to the codebase and internal communications. This provides both the company and the candidate a realistic assessment of fit and working style.

20. Segment-Specific Product Market Fit

View product market fit not as a binary state, but as a spectrum across different market segments, focusing on achieving strong fit within one segment before expanding. This allows for targeted development and maximizes impact in specific customer groups.

21. Double Down on Market Pull

When you observe strong traction or ‘pull’ from a specific customer category (e.g., AI companies, crypto companies), actively focus on acquiring more customers from that segment. This strategy leverages existing success and market demand.

22. Launch Authentically to Target Audience

When announcing your company, craft direct and authentic messages that clearly explain ‘what’ you are building and ‘why,’ tailored to resonate with your initial target audience. This helps attract the right early users and builds a genuine connection.

23. Engage Remote Teams with Shared Activities

For fully remote and distributed teams, organize engaging group activities like a baking or cooking competition via video call. This fosters team bonding, provides a fun shared experience, and can even reinforce company values like craft.

24. CEO: Delegate and Empower Leaders

As a CEO, recognize the wide range of responsibilities and actively learn to delegate tasks by hiring and empowering other leaders to take ownership of specific areas. This helps manage diverse demands and allows for personal focus.

25. Go Slow to Go Fast

Adopt the motto ‘go slow to go fast,’ emphasizing the importance of taking sufficient time to think and plan before rushing into tasks. This approach minimizes rework and ultimately leads to faster, higher-quality execution.

26. Practice Respect for People and Things

Cultivate a mindset of respect not only for people but also for the things you use, taking good care of them by cleaning and putting them away properly. This promotes a culture of appreciation and longevity.

My belief is that like any domain or industry, the more it matters, the more the design matters.

Karri Saarinen

You cannot run a company with multiple different kinds of cultures.

Karri Saarinen

Avoid the side quests. Like, like there's always like ideas people have and it's a good thing. And it's like, people have ideas, but then it might be like, yeah, let's make like this t-shirt. So like, let's make this thing. And then we're like, well, is it, does it help the customers? Does it help the product? Like, this sounds like a side quest to me. And like, basically means like we shouldn't do it.

Karri Saarinen

Go slow to go fast.

Karri Saarinen

Quality is so hard to define. It is like, if you actually like start thinking about it, it's like, how do you define it? It's, it's like, it's kind of like, it's really hard to pin, pin down, but it's all kind of like when you try something or see it, then you kind of know if it's quality or not.

Karri Saarinen

Linear's Design Review Process

Karri Saarinen
  1. Start with design explorations to consider different approaches or clarify clear paths.
  2. Move into the building phase as quickly as possible to test the direction and identify problems or general feel.
  3. Conduct informal checks on projects weekly or bi-weekly with a sponsor (Karri, co-founders, or Head of Product).
  4. Before a full general release, conduct a thorough review and internal testing of the product, trying different states and interactions.
  5. If issues are found (e.g., janky animations, incorrect scrolling), pull back the release until they are fixed.
  6. For features with uncertain functionality, launch to a small group of opt-in customers or a specific company to gather early feedback and co-create the solution.

Linear's Early-Stage Customer Feedback Loop

Karri Saarinen
  1. Launch a waitlist with survey questions to understand current tools, company size, and interest.
  2. Selectively invite smaller companies using currently supported tools, prioritizing those showing high interest.
  3. Invite users in small cohorts (e.g., ~10 people a week) to manage feedback effectively.
  4. Gather feedback from each cohort, addressing bugs or problems they encounter.
  5. Fix identified issues before inviting the next cohort of users.
  6. Continuously iterate based on cohort feedback, ensuring the product matures effectively.

Karri's Focus Maintenance Techniques

Karri Saarinen
  1. Adhere to the core startup focus: talk to customers, build the product, and exercise.
  2. Evaluate tasks by asking: 'Is this important to do now, or can it be done later?'
  3. Avoid 'side quests' – ideas or tasks that don't directly progress the main goal of building the product and making it awesome for customers.
  4. Operate with a personal and company-wide mindset of 'main quest lines' versus 'side quest lines'.
  5. Be comfortable saying 'no' to things that are not immediately essential, even if they might be needed eventually (e.g., certain certifications).

Linear's Hiring Process with Paid Work Trial

Karri Saarinen
  1. Conduct fairly standard interview loops, including hiring manager and skill-based interviews/tests.
  2. The final step is a paid work trial, where the candidate acts as a mini-contractor.
  3. Provide a vague problem statement (e.g., 'build this feature') to the candidate.
  4. The candidate must understand the problem, scope it down, and build a version within a given timeframe.
  5. Grant the candidate access to the codebase, Slack, Notion, and allow them to join meetings and have one-on-one chats with team members.
  6. At the end, the candidate presents their work and reasoning.
  7. Evaluate the candidate's operation in the environment, problem-solving approach, thinking process, and ability to make progress quickly.
2019
Linear founding year Officially started in April 2019, with exploration and prototyping before that.
profitable
Linear profitability status For the last two years.
negative
Linear's net lifetime burn rate More cash in the bank today than has been raised.
around 50
Linear's current employee count As of the recording of the episode.
~4,000 people
Linear's waitlist size (after one month) After announcing the company and putting up a waitlist website.
100-200 users, ~10 companies
Initial private beta users (June/July 2019) Users invited from the waitlist during the early private beta phase.
10 people a week
Initial private beta invite rate To manage feedback and fix issues in cohorts.
$1 to $28
Pricing trial range per seat Optional payment slider during the private beta to test functionality and perceived value.
not more than doubled in a year
Employee growth guideline Linear's guideline for scaling the team.