#9 Maestro Alexander Shelley: The Architecture of Music

Mar 18, 2016
Overview

Maestro Alexander Shelley, Music Director for the National Arts Center's Orchestra, discusses the architecture of music, the necessity of arts, and the role of a conductor. He breaks down Beethoven's 5th Symphony and shares insights on leading an orchestra.

At a Glance
46 Insights
58m 12s Duration
17 Topics
5 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

Conductor's Pre-Performance Mindset and Focus

On-Stage Conductor Focus and Orchestra Coordination

Conductor's Role and Relationship with Musicians

The Architecture of Music and Recurring Themes

Beethoven's Fifth Symphony: Cohesion and DNA

Sonata Form: A Core Architectural Mechanism in Music

The Role and Necessity of Art in Life and Education

The Transcendental Aspect of Music and Philosophy

Desired Audience Experience from a Symphony

Origin of Alexander Shelley's Passion for Music

Impact of Broad Education on a Conductor

Orchestra Audition and Probation Process

Taking Over an Established Orchestra

Orchestra's Say in Conductor Selection

Conductor's Favorite Aspects Beyond Performance

The Orchestra's Role in Society: Local to International

Personal Music Listening Habits

Rubato

Rubato refers to the give and take within music where the pulse is movable, allowing for flexibility in rhythmic impulses. A conductor leads this sense of give and take, creating a beautiful symbiosis with the musicians.

Architecture of Music

The architecture of music refers to the underlying structure of a piece, similar to how a book has chapters or a play has acts. It involves themes recurring, changing, and developing, creating coherence and a sense of journey for the listener.

DNA of a Piece

This concept describes the fundamental, tiny elements (like two notes and one rhythm in Beethoven's Fifth) from which an entire musical work is built. These elements grow and develop, allowing the subconscious to recognize shapes and forms, contributing to the piece's cohesion.

Sonata Form

Sonata form is a prevalent architectural mechanism in classical music, used to implant musical ideas (themes) in listeners' minds and then develop them into a story. It typically involves the statement of a first theme, a transition, a contrasting second theme, a repetition of this entire section, a development section where themes are varied, and then a return to the original themes, followed by a coda.

Phenomenal and Noumenal Worlds

Philosopher Schopenhauer's concept of two worlds: the phenomenal world is the one we experience, while the noumenal world is an idealized realm of ideas. He believed music could serve as a gateway to the noumenal world due to its abstract nature, allowing an experience that transcends normal definition.

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What goes through a conductor's mind from the dressing room to the stage?

A conductor aims to quickly switch focus and enter the right frame of mind for the specific piece being performed, whether it requires emotional connection for a requiem or a more boisterous energy for an opera.

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What does a conductor focus on while the music is playing?

A conductor focuses on providing a clear beat, leading rubato (give and take in pulse), reacting instinctively to keep 80 musicians coordinated, and maintaining a high state of focus while being ready to address any breaks in flow.

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What is the ideal relationship between a conductor and the orchestra musicians?

In an ideal state, the conductor and orchestra are in absolute coordination, allowing the music to speak naturally without either party feeling unnatural. The conductor tries to respect and accommodate nuances from individual players, especially soloists, while maintaining the overall architectural flow of the piece.

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Why is Beethoven's Fifth Symphony so famous?

Beethoven's Fifth Symphony is famous because he masterfully uses a tiny amount of material—two notes and one rhythm—to create an entire, incredibly grand symphony. This efficiency of material creates immense cohesion, making the symphony feel tautly argued and intuitively understandable to listeners.

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What is the role of art in a full and meaningful life?

Art, like science, is fundamental to being human; it involves precise thought to create beauty and engages the intellectual mind. It offers a healthy philosophy for discussing the transcendental and allows for non-dogmatic conversations about experiences beyond definition, making it essential, not optional.

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How do orchestras select new musicians?

Orchestras use a democratic audition process where candidates play solo repertoire and orchestral excerpts. Following this, there's a probation period to assess how the musician gels with the group in terms of sound, timing, and mindset, as orchestral playing requires unique coordination and reliance on one another.

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How much say does an orchestra have in choosing its conductor?

Orchestras are very much involved in the choice of a new music director; a committee from the orchestra participates, and musicians fill out feedback forms on guest conductors regarding their technique, inspiration, and overall performance, which helps the administration make decisions.

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What are the different roles of an orchestra in society?

An orchestra serves its city by offering great concerts, engages regionally with nearby communities, fulfills a national remit by touring and commissioning new Canadian works, and acts as an international representative of the nation's culture.

1. Analyze to Internalize for Freedom

Approach a new task or subject scientifically by analyzing it deeply to comprehend and understand it, aiming for such internalization that you are then freed from conscious thought during performance.

2. Lay Groundwork for Fluency

To achieve fluency and freedom in any skill, first put your head down and intellectually understand the underlying rules and vocabulary, then practice until it becomes internalized, allowing for effortless execution.

3. Understand & Realize Intent

When preparing a work, strive to understand with maximum clarity and lucidity how the creator constructed it, and then aim to realize that intent in your execution.

4. Cultivate Compartmentalized Focus

Cultivate a compartmentalized mind to quickly switch between tasks and maintain focus on the next thing, allowing for rapid mental transitions.

5. Channel & Problem-Solve Flexibly

Achieve a state of very high focus where you are channeling and allowing things to happen, but maintain the ability to quickly switch out of that state to solve specific problems and then return to the flow.

6. Maintain Long-Term Navigation

When working on projects with bigger structures and longer journeys, always keep an eye on the ultimate destination, acting as a navigator to guide the process.

7. Draw a Line for Decisions

As a leader, sometimes you must draw a line and make a definitive decision for the sake of the group, preventing inaction caused by constantly unresolved choices.

8. Respect Individual Nuances

When leading a group, respect and accommodate the nuances and individual expressions that come from the players or team members, within the established parameters of the work.

9. Adjust Pace for Optimal Conditions

Be sensitive to individual needs and adjust the pace or conditions to allow them to perform optimally, while still working towards the overall objective.

10. Prioritize Mindset for Team

Beyond individual skill, cultivate the right mindset to function effectively within a team’s unique conditions, as this is crucial for overall success.

11. Recognize Ripple Effect of Actions

Understand that in highly interdependent teams, every action, mistake, or inspiration immediately affects everyone else, requiring constant real-time coordination and awareness.

12. Cultivate High Trust

In highly interdependent teams where individual actions have immediate collective impact, cultivate a huge amount of trust among members.

13. Maintain Open Team Dialogue

Prioritize open dialogue with your team, ensuring they feel comfortable approaching you at any point to discuss any issues or ideas.

14. Expect Thorough Preparation

Expect and ensure that all team members, including yourself, are very well prepared and know their material thoroughly before engaging in collective work.

15. Open Dialogue Prevents Issues

Maintain open dialogue within your team, as this allows you to foresee potential problems and address them before they escalate into grave issues.

16. Preserve & Develop Strengths

When taking over an established entity, ensure existing strengths are maintained and kept healthy, while also actively developing new areas and expanding capabilities.

17. Maintain Heritage, Add Value

Be aware of and actively maintain the heritage and core integrity of an organization, as this forms the foundation upon which new additions and developments can be built.

18. Embrace Institutional Guardianship

Find reward in contributing to the long-term development of an institution, embracing the responsibility of being a guardian who keeps it healthy and fosters its growth.

19. Cultivate Long-Term Relationships

Focus on building long-term relationships with institutions or entities, as these provide the most fruitful opportunities to see and realize significant impact.

20. Set Right Frame of Mind

Before starting a task, especially a performance, consciously set yourself into the appropriate frame of mind required for that specific activity.

21. Prepare Others Through Presence

Use your body language and eye contact to create a sense of readiness and prepare both your team and audience for the beginning of a shared journey or experience.

22. Cultivate Focused Silence

Before embarking on a long, intimate, or intense journey or performance, create a true, focused silence to prepare everyone for the experience.

23. Focus Collective Energy

Direct the energy of both your team and the audience to the specific state required to begin a task or performance effectively.

24. Clearly Communicate Rhythmic Impulses

Ensure your actions and communication clearly convey the rhythmic impulses of the task or project to your team, providing clear guidance.

25. Lead with Give and Take

In dynamic situations, lead with a sense of ‘give and take’ to foster a symbiotic relationship and allow for flexible, coordinated movement.

26. Instinctively Restore Coordination

When group coordination breaks down, react instinctively to identify the issue and bring people back together, re-establishing flow.

27. Sense Audience Focus

Be sensitive to and sense the focus and reaction of your audience or stakeholders, as this feedback can influence and shape your performance or delivery.

28. Understand Work Architecture

Recognize that any work, whether a phrase, chapter, or entire project, has an underlying architecture with a clear beginning, development, and resolution, and internal structures within its components.

29. Establish Recognizable Themes

When presenting information, start with clear, recognizable statements (themes) and refer back to them throughout to provide a landscape for navigation and ensure coherence.

30. Explore Deeper Context

To fully appreciate and understand any great work (book, art, music), scratch beneath the surface to learn about its construction, history, and context, transforming it into a richer universe for exploration.

31. Appreciate Craftsmanship & Argument

When studying any complex work, appreciate not just the surface presentation but also the underlying craftsmanship, structure, and the arguments or relationships being expressed.

32. Engage Intellectual Mind Fully

When engaging with any subject, especially the arts, fully engage your intellectual mind to grapple with abstract ideas and foster deep thought.

33. Provide Unique Experiences

When creating or performing, aim to provide an experience that is unique and transformative, taking people on journeys they cannot readily find elsewhere.

34. Foster Intrinsic Motivation

When guiding someone, especially children, foster their intrinsic desire to learn and engage rather than pushing them, allowing their passion to develop naturally.

35. Pursue Burning Desire

To succeed in a demanding career, ensure you have a burning desire for the core activity (e.g., practice), as this passion is essential for sustained effort and success.

36. Seek Broad-Based Education

Pursue a broad-based education to gain more tools for accessing and connecting new knowledge to various fields like literature, history, and philosophy, enriching understanding.

37. Mastery: Proficiency Then Nuance

In any profession, first achieve a high level of technical proficiency, then focus on refining the final 0.5% of nuance, which distinguishes top performers.

38. Evaluate Team Fit in Probation

Use a probation period to evaluate how new members physically and harmonically gel with the existing group, and allow colleagues to get to know them for long-term team cohesion.

39. Implement Structured Leadership Feedback

Implement a structured feedback system where team members provide comments on leadership techniques and inspiration, using this feedback to inform future decisions.

40. Focus on Job Execution

Focus on executing your job as you believe it needs to be done, rather than being overly concerned with immediate popularity or external validation.

41. Create Accessible Narratives

When presenting complex programs, create an accessible narrative around them to help newcomers understand the underlying story and engage more deeply with the content.

42. Take Risks, Foster Creative Forums

Institutions with stable funding should take risks that others cannot, offering forums where creators can partner, experiment, make mistakes, and present new works.

43. Step Back to Assess Output

Regularly step back from your immediate position to a different vantage point (e.g., 30-40 feet back) to assess how the overall output or ‘sound’ is blending from the audience’s perspective.

44. Continuously Study & Prepare

Dedicate non-rehearsal or non-active periods to continuous study and preparation for upcoming tasks, ensuring readiness for future engagements.

45. Review Past Work with Fresh Ears

Periodically review your past performances or work after a significant time gap (e.g., six months to a year) to evaluate what worked, what didn’t, and what you like or dislike with fresh perspective.

46. Embrace Eclectic Tastes

Relish an eclectic mix of influences and approaches, being non-dogmatic and choosing what feels right for the specific moment or context.

Music, like painting or whatever, poetry, books, of course you can just read a book and you have your reaction to it... But pretty much every great book, great painting, great piece of music, if you scratch the surface, if you have someone, for example, I'm always happy to do it, someone who can start to talk to you about what's below the surface, then actually they become, each work becomes a universe in itself.

Alexander Shelley

It's not like it's then you, you have a great country and then you add culture. It's all part of the same.

Alexander Shelley

If you imagine going to an office, but instead of sitting at your desk, every time you type a letter, someone else has to type it exactly the same time with you. And that through your movement, you have to be able to coordinate in real time all day with the people around you. That anytime you make a mistake, it immediately has an effect on everybody else. Anytime you're inspirational, it immediately has an effect on everybody else.

Alexander Shelley

I find the craftsmanship and the, the argument that's happening on the page also very beautiful.

Alexander Shelley

I find it incredibly rewarding being part of the development of an institution. So having a longer term ambition, uh, for an institution and then trying to do whatever you can to, to, to make that happen, to, to, to have the sense that you are a sort of guardian of an institution for a while and that it's your responsibility to keep it healthy and to develop it.

Alexander Shelley
10-15 seconds
Typical walk time from dressing room to stage for a conductor Depending on the building
80 people
Number of musicians in an orchestra Refers to the number of experts in an orchestra
4-5 years old
Age musicians typically start playing instruments Early start to specialized training
500 years
Approximate duration of classical music history encompassed by the term Refers to the vast scope of classical music
40 feet
Optimal distance behind the conductor for listening to an orchestra's blended sound Where the sound blends differently and is better for listening
40 years
Length of time musicians might sit in an orchestra Highlights the long-term nature of the job and reliance on one another