BITESIZE | How To Heal Chronic Pain | Dr Howard Schubiner #447

Apr 25, 2024 Episode Page ↗
Overview

Dr. Howard Schubiner, Director of the Mind Body Medicine Center, explains that chronic pain is often generated by the brain's neural circuits, not structural damage. He emphasizes that this pain is real and can be unlearned by addressing the brain's fear response and emotional factors.

At a Glance
9 Insights
21m 3s Duration
15 Topics
5 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

Introduction to Chronic Pain and Brain's Role

Pain as a Brain Message vs. Structural Problem

Brain's Predictive Processing in Pain Generation

Emotional and Stress-Induced Pain is Real

Prevalence of Non-Structural Chronic Pain Conditions

Misinterpretation of MRI Findings in Chronic Pain

The Vicious Cycle of Fear and Pain

Healing Chronic Pain by Understanding its Origin

Brain's Capacity to Produce Diverse Stress-Related Symptoms

Clues for Identifying Non-Structural Pain

The 'Six Fs' Perpetuating Pain and Cycle Interruption

The Power of Recategorizing Pain as Safe

Integrating Mindfulness and Journaling for Pain Management

Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy for Deeper Healing

Empowering Self-Investigation of Pain Patterns

Predictive Processing

This is the brain's process of creating our physical experiences, including pain, based on its predictions. In chronic pain, the brain might predict pain even without actual structural injury, making an error in its protective signaling.

Non-Structural Pain

This refers to real pain experienced in the body that is not caused by physical damage or injury to tissues. Instead, it originates from neural circuits in the brain that have become overactive or miswired due to stress, emotions, or past experiences, creating a protective pain signal even when no physical threat exists.

The Six Fs

These are common responses to pain (Fear, Worry, Focus, Fighting, Frustration, Figuring out/Fixing) that inadvertently give the brain a danger signal, perpetuating a vicious cycle and making the pain worse by reinforcing the neural circuits.

Pain Reprocessing

This is a therapeutic approach focused on interrupting the vicious cycle of pain by giving the brain calming and safe messages. It involves lowering the fear response to pain and reframing the symptom as a brain-created thought rather than a sign of physical danger, allowing for neural circuit changes.

Emotional Awareness and Expression Therapy (EAET)

This therapeutic approach focuses on dealing with unprocessed emotions that can contribute to chronic pain. It integrates elements of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy and internal family systems work to help individuals process and express emotions, leading to deeper healing.

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Is all pain a sign of structural damage in the body?

No, the vast majority of people with chronic pain do not have a structural problem. The brain creates pain as a protective message, and it can do so even when there's no physical injury.

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How does the brain generate the experience of pain?

The brain decides whether to turn on pain or not, based on its predictive processing. It receives impulses but ultimately creates the sensation of pain to protect the individual, sometimes making an error in its prediction.

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Can emotional stress or psychological factors cause real physical pain?

Yes, neuroscience research shows that emotions and stress activate the exact same parts of the brain as physical injury, meaning the pain experienced due to stress is real and can be severe, just like pain from a fracture.

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Are common findings on MRIs, like degenerative discs or bulging discs, always the cause of chronic back or neck pain?

No, these are often normal findings that occur with aging, even in people without pain. Attributing pain solely to these findings can be misleading, as the majority of chronic neck and back pain is non-structural.

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Why does fear or worry about pain often make it worse?

Fear, worry, and focus on pain create a positive feedback loop in the brain's neural circuits, reinforcing the danger signal and intensifying the pain.

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If chronic pain is primarily brain-generated, does that mean it's 'all in my head' or imaginary?

Absolutely not. The pain is real and created by the brain, but it's not imaginary or a sign of weakness. Saying it's 'all in your head' is cruel and ignorant as it implies fault.

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How can one distinguish between structural pain and pain caused by neural circuits (non-structural pain)?

Non-structural pain often exhibits inconsistencies: it may turn on and off, disappear on vacation and return at work, or be triggered by stress, wind, cold, or weather, unlike structural pain which is typically constant.

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Is mindfulness meditation effective for chronic pain?

Mindfulness meditation alone has not been particularly helpful in research studies for reducing chronic pain if the pain is not first categorized as a neural circuit problem. It requires reframing the pain as a brain-created thought before observation.

1. Thorough Medical Evaluation

Ensure a physician has carefully evaluated your pain history and ruled out any structural problems, infections, inflammatory conditions, or tumors before concluding your pain is due to neural circuits.

2. Understand Brain-Generated Pain

Recognize that most chronic pain is not due to structural damage but is a real sensation created by the brain’s neural circuits, often in response to stress or emotions, as a protective mechanism. This understanding is the first step to turning off the brain’s danger signal.

3. Reframe Pain as Signal

Shift your perspective to see chronic pain not as a problem, but as a ‘blessing in disguise’ or a solution from your brain alerting you to something amiss in your life that needs attention or care.

4. Observe Pain Inconsistencies

Investigate your pain patterns by noting when it turns on or off, goes away on vacation, or is triggered by stress or weather, as these inconsistencies are strong clues that your pain is a neural circuit problem.

5. Interrupt Pain-Worsening Responses

Actively work to reduce fear, worry, excessive focus, fighting, frustration, and constant attempts to ‘figure out’ or ‘fix’ your pain, as these responses send danger signals to the brain and intensify the pain.

6. Practice Pain Reprocessing

For non-structural pain, gradually reintroduce movements or activities that typically cause pain while simultaneously affirming to your brain that you are safe and not in danger, allowing neural circuits to change.

7. Mindfulness with Reframing

Practice mindfulness by first reframing pain as a brain-generated sensation or ’thought,’ then observe it without judgment or fighting, allowing you to step back and change your relationship to the symptom.

8. Engage Emotional Journaling

Use journaling as part of emotional awareness and expression therapy to process unprocessed emotions, which can be a significant underlying cause of chronic pain and contribute to inner healing.

9. Read Unlearn Your Pain

Consult Dr. Howard Schubiner’s book, ‘Unlearn Your Pain,’ for practical exercises and research-backed insights to guide you through the process of understanding and resolving chronic pain.

The pain is not the problem, it's the solution. It's the solution that our brain has come up with to alert us to a problem.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

The brain decides whether to actually turn on pain or not, and it's there to protect you.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

Is his pain real? Yes, because all pain is real. All pain is created by his brain.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

Never underestimate the power of the brain to create severe symptoms, severe pain, severe fatigue.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

The pain they experience is real. It's not imaginary. It's not in their head. But it is in their brain because of neural circuits in their brain when the doctors can't find anything wrong.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

When a doctor says or anybody says it's all in your head, it's cruel. Yeah. And it's ignorant because it implies that it's their fault, that they want the pain somehow.

Dr. Howard Schubiner

The pain is not the enemy, is our message.

Dr. Howard Schubiner
between a third to half
Chronic pain prevalence in UK adults Equivalent to just under 28 million people in the UK.
25 million
People suffering with chronic headaches in the U.S. Applies to the U.S. population.
95-98%
Percentage of chronic headache sufferers without structural disorder Refers to people with chronic headaches.
88%
Percentage of chronic neck and back pain patients with non-structural pain Based on a study of 220 consecutive patients in a physiatrist's clinic.
40%
Asymptomatic 30-year-olds with degenerative disc disease on MRI Found in people with no pain at all.
30%
Asymptomatic 30-year-olds with a bulging disc on MRI Found in people with no pain at all.
80%
Asymptomatic 50-year-olds with degenerative disc disease on MRI Found in people with no pain at all.
60%
Asymptomatic 50-year-olds with bulging discs on MRI Found in people with no pain at all.
30%
Asymptomatic 50-year-olds with herniated discs on MRI Found in people with no pain at all.
90%
Asymptomatic individuals aged 60+ with spinal abnormalities on MRI Found in people aged 60 and beyond with no pain at all.
10-15%
Percentage of people who experience pain relief just by understanding its non-structural nature Refers to individuals who turn off the danger signal just by gaining knowledge.