How To Change The Way You Breathe For More Energy, Better Sleep, Improved Blood Pressure & A Longer Life with James Nestor #644

Mar 31, 2026 Episode Page ↗
Overview

James Nestor, author of "Breath," discusses how dysfunctional breathing impacts health, from sleep and anxiety to asthma and blood pressure. He shares simple, free techniques to improve breathing habits, emphasizing nasal breathing and proper exhalation, and reveals insights into indoor air quality.

At a Glance
12 Insights
2h 22m Duration
18 Topics
8 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

The Skepticism and Science of Breathing

Modern Medicine's Approach to Breathing

Asthma: Reversible Through Breathing?

Motivation for Health Change and Breathing

The Primacy of Nasal Breathing

Assessing and Improving Nasal Breathing

Mouth Taping for Better Sleep

Breathing's Link to Stress and Blood Pressure

Overcoming Nasal Congestion

The Importance of Full Exhalation

The Stanford Mouth Breathing Experiment

Breathing and Structural Body Issues (Scoliosis)

Breath Holds and CO2 Tolerance

Ancient Wisdom Meets Modern Science

The Impact of Indoor Air Quality

Practical Travel Habits for Better Health

Lung Size and Longevity

Quick Fire Questions: Children, Anxiety, Personal Practices

Dysfunctional Breathing

Habits like over-breathing or chronic mouth breathing that negatively impact health, leading to issues like high blood pressure, diabetes risk, and chronic stress, often without the individual realizing it.

Nasal Valve Collapse

A condition where the nostrils or surrounding tissue are too thin, causing them to flutter or collapse during inhalation, making nasal breathing difficult. Nasal strips can help by pulling the nostrils open.

Sympathetic Overdrive

A state where the 'fight or flight' stress response of the nervous system is chronically activated, often exacerbated by dysfunctional breathing patterns, making it harder for individuals to act on positive health changes.

Nitric Oxide

A gas released during nasal breathing and humming, which helps dilate blood vessels, thereby lowering blood pressure and improving circulation. This can be a temporary or long-term effect with consistent practice.

Diaphragm Function

The parachute-shaped muscle beneath the lungs that should flex down on inhale and relax up on exhale, but often has very limited movement (around 10% capacity) in modern humans, leading to inefficient breathing and reliance on other muscles.

CO2 Tolerance

The body's ability to comfortably tolerate rising carbon dioxide levels, which is the primary drive to breathe. A low tolerance is linked to anxiety and asthma, while increasing it can reduce symptoms of these conditions.

Diseases of Civilization

Chronic conditions like hypertension, diabetes, and certain breathing disorders that are prevalent in industrialized societies but were rare or absent in indigenous cultures, suggesting a link to modern lifestyles.

Adenoid Face / Retronathic Facial Growth

Facial changes, often seen in children, caused by chronic mouth breathing, which can lead to a recessed chin, narrower dental arches, and an altered facial profile.

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Why should I care about how I breathe if I'm already alive?

While you are breathing, many people breathe dysfunctionally, which directly impacts health, leading to issues like migraines, high blood pressure, and increased risk of diabetes and heart disease, as these are scientific facts.

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How can I tell if I'm a mouth breather, especially at night?

You can test by spreading your nostrils with your fingers (if breathing becomes significantly easier, you might have nasal valve collapse) or by using a free app like Snore Clock or Snore Lab to record your breathing and snoring patterns for a week.

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Is it dangerous to tape my mouth shut at night?

For the majority of people with mild snoring or even mild sleep apnea, mouth taping can be life-transforming, but it's important to start slowly in the daytime and listen to your body, and it may be a bad idea for those with severe sleep apnea.

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How does breathing affect my stress levels and overall well-being?

Breathing is intimately linked to your stress response; over-breathing and mouth breathing send constant signals of stress to your brain, while slow, deep, nasal breathing activates the parasympathetic nervous system, promoting calm.

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What if my nose is always blocked, preventing me from nasal breathing?

While some people have structural issues requiring an ENT, for most, congestion is due to inflammation or bad habits; consistently using your nose will help it open up, and dietary changes (e.g., removing dairy) or antihistamines can also help clear the nose.

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How long does it take to change breathing habits?

It can take a few weeks to several months to permanently change breathing habits, depending on individual dedication and where they are on the spectrum of dysfunctional breathing.

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Why is indoor air quality important, and how can I improve it?

High indoor CO2 levels (often due to poor ventilation and air recycling) can impair cognitive performance, cause headaches, fatigue, and even raise blood pressure; opening windows and doors is the primary fix to bring in fresh air.

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What's the best way to encourage children to breathe better?

Children are often motivated by how they look, so showing them images of 'adenoid face' or retronathic facial growth caused by chronic mouth breathing can encourage them to adopt nasal breathing habits.

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What is the single most important breathing exercise I should do daily?

The most fundamental and ultimate breathing exercise is simply to breathe through your nose consistently, as it doesn't have to be more complicated than that.

1. Prioritize Nasal Breathing

Make nasal breathing your default, especially at night, to regulate emotions, improve decision-making, and calm your nervous system, as it’s the number one most important thing for healthy breathing.

2. Assess Nighttime Breathing

Use a free app like Snore Clock or Snore Lab for a week to record your breathing and snoring, identifying if you’re a mouth breather at night, which is a serious red flag for dysfunctional breathing.

3. Address Nasal Congestion

If you struggle with a blocked nose, try spreading your nostrils with fingers (if it helps, use nasal strips) or consider an elimination diet (e.g., dairy) to reduce inflammation, as chronic mouth breathing can cause congestion.

4. Practice Mouth Taping (Daytime First)

Gradually introduce mouth taping during the day for 20-30 minutes, then naps, and eventually at night, to train yourself for obligate nasal breathing and significantly improve sleep quality.

5. Manage Anxiety with Breath

When feeling anxious or stressed, take a few slow, calm, deep breaths through your nose, as this sends calming signals to your brain and can quickly reduce nervous system overload.

6. Lower Blood Pressure with Humming

If you have high blood pressure, try breathing in for 5-6 seconds, out for 5-6 seconds while humming on the exhale for 3-4 minutes, to release nitric oxide and dilate blood vessels, potentially dropping scores by 20 points.

7. Master Full Exhalation

Practice fully exhaling to engage your diaphragm’s full range, which allows for a more complete inhale and can improve overall respiratory efficiency and energy, as most people use only 10% of their diaphragm’s ability.

8. Be Aware of Mouth Breathing Toll

Recognize that prolonged talking or public speaking, which involves mouth breathing, can contribute to fatigue, and restore energy by returning to nasal breathing and humming afterwards.

9. Improve Indoor Air Quality

Use a CO2 monitor (e.g., Aranet4) to check indoor CO2 levels, and open windows or doors to bring levels below 1500 ppm, as high CO2 impairs cognitive function and causes fatigue.

10. Travel with Wellness Essentials

Pack red/amber lights for hotel rooms, a nasal spray or Neti pot for preventative nasal hygiene, and practice breathing techniques during travel to manage stress and maintain health.

11. Encourage Kids’ Nasal Breathing

Show children images of ‘adenoid face’ or retronathic facial growth caused by chronic mouth breathing to motivate them to breathe through their nose.

12. Address Child Sleep-Disordered Breathing

If a child shows symptoms of anxiety or ADHD, first record their sleep to check for snoring or sleep apnea, as these foundational breathing issues can be a primary cause that needs to be fixed first.

People are locked into these dysfunctional habits that they think are normal, and they don't realize that how they're breathing is directly affecting their health.

James Nestor

I don't know of any meditation, any technique that can lower the nervous system overload, right? That can switch you to parasympathetic that does not involve breathing.

James Nestor

The number one most important thing that people need to do is to become an obligate nasal breather.

James Nestor

If you are breathing in a dysfunctional way for the majority of your day, that could be at least one of the reasons why you're reactive with your partner that evening, why you snap at your children, why you feel a need for sugar or alcohol at the end of the day, because a lot of the time those things, they're downstream, right?

Dr. Rangan Chatterjee

If you fully exhale, guess what? You're able to fully inhale.

James Nestor

You can never fix anxiety no matter what retreats you go to, what pills you take, what powders you're taking, unless you first fix that foundational breathing aspect.

James Nestor

I think that the further we get away from nature, the sicker we get.

James Nestor

The number one most significant marker of lifespan was lung size and lung function.

James Nestor

Mouth Taping Acclimation Protocol

James Nestor
  1. Start in the daytime: Apply a small piece of tape to your lips for 20 minutes on the first day.
  2. Gradually increase: Extend the duration to 30 minutes the next day, then one hour, and try taking a nap with the tape.
  3. Progress to activity: Once comfortable, walk around the block focusing on keeping your mouth shut and breathing nasally.
  4. Nighttime application: Only experiment with mouth taping at night once daytime practice is comfortable and you're not congested or stressed.

Anxiety/Stress Reset Breath (Triple Inhale, Slow Exhale)

James Nestor
  1. Relax your shoulders and tongue.
  2. Take an inhale, then hold your breath.
  3. Take another inhale, then hold your breath.
  4. Take a third inhale, filling all the way up.
  5. Let the breath out very calmly and slowly.
  6. Repeat this sequence as needed to reset your nervous system.
50%
Percentage of kids who are mouth breathers This goes down a little for adults.
60%
Percentage of adults who mouth breathe at night This is a significant portion of the population.
30%
Increase in airflow allowed by nasal strips These strips pull the nostrils up to improve breathing.
20 points
Potential drop in blood pressure within a few minutes using slow breathing with humming This effect is temporary unless better breathing habits are adopted long-term.
10%
Estimated percentage of diaphragm's full capacity most people use This limited movement leads to inefficient breathing.
10 days
Duration of forced mouth breathing and nasal breathing phases in the Stanford experiment Each phase lasted 10 days to compare the effects.
4-5 hours
Amount of snoring per night developed by participants during the mouth breathing phase of the Stanford study From zero snoring, it increased significantly within three days.
100 feet
Theoretical depth at which human lungs were supposed to implode during freediving This was disproven by freedivers' ability to go deeper due to natural reflexes.
428 parts per million (ppm)
Approximate outdoor CO2 levels This level goes up every year.
1500 ppm
Indoor CO2 level at which some studies show a decrease in cognitive performance This represents a 50% decrease in cognitive performance.
1 in every 20-25 breaths
Approximate ratio of someone else's exhalation at 2500 ppm indoor CO2 This level starts to increase headaches and fatigue.
12%
Lung capacity lost between ages 30 and 50 This contributes to taking more frequent, shallower breaths.
30%
Less air coming in at 80 years old compared to younger years This is due to shrinking lungs and loss of flexibility.
15%
Potential increase in lung capacity with moderate exercise Especially beneficial for those with smaller lungs.
70-80%
Percentage of kids with ADHD who have sleep-disordered breathing This suggests a strong link between breathing issues and ADHD symptoms.