How to Control Your Metabolism by Thyroid & Growth Hormone

Episode 17 Apr 26, 2021 Episode Page ↗
Overview

This episode with Dr. Andrew Huberman, a Stanford professor, delves into metabolism, focusing on thyroid and growth hormones. It provides tools to optimize these hormones through diet, specific exercise protocols, temperature regulation, and supplementation for enhanced tissue repair, cognitive function, and body composition.

At a Glance
33 Insights
1h 46m Duration
17 Topics
7 Concepts

Deep Dive Analysis

Introduction to Hormones and Metabolism

Debunking Food Shape Myths & Stevia Clarification

Metabolism 101: Brain's Energy Consumption

Hormonal Signaling Logic: Brain to Pituitary to Gland

Thyroid Hormone's Role in Tissue Growth, Repair, and Energy

Essential Nutrients for Thyroid Function: Iodine, L-Tyrosine, Selenium

Dietary Considerations for Thyroid Health: Cruciferous Vegetables & Iodine

Thyroid Hormone Fluctuations and Ketogenic Diet Effects

Growth Hormone: Function, Lifespan Changes, and Risks of Therapy

Natural Triggers for Growth Hormone Release During Sleep

Brain Delta Waves as the Key to Growth Hormone Secretion

Exercise Protocols for Maximizing Growth Hormone Release

Sex Differences in Exercise-Induced Growth Hormone and IGF-1 Release

Amino Acid Supplements for Increasing Growth Hormone

Dramatic Growth Hormone Increases via Deliberate Heat Exposure

Prescription Growth Hormone, Peptides, and Secretagogues

Summary of Actions for Thyroid and Growth Hormone Optimization

Metabolism

Metabolism is the consumption and utilization of energy within the body's cells for tissue growth, repair, and day-to-day functional maintenance. It involves converting energy from various sources into fuels for building tissues like muscle and brain, and mobilizing energy from fat storage.

Releasing Hormones

These are hormones released by neurons in the hypothalamus region of the brain. They signal to the pituitary gland, instructing it to release other hormones, such as thyroid-stimulating hormone or growth hormone.

Stimulating Hormones

Released from the pituitary gland into the bloodstream, these hormones travel to specific organs (like the thyroid gland) to stimulate them to produce and release their own respective hormones. An example is Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH).

T3 and T4

These are the two main thyroid hormones released by the thyroid gland. T3 is the more active form, primarily responsible for promoting metabolism, tissue growth, repair, and the utilization of energy from fats and sugars across various body tissues like muscle, liver, cartilage, and bone.

Delta Wave Brain Activity

These are large, slow waves of electrical activity in the brain that are characteristic of slow-wave or deep sleep. This specific brainwave pattern is the direct trigger for the release of growth hormone from the pituitary gland.

IGF-1 (Insulin Growth Factor 1)

A hormone released by the liver, largely mediated by growth hormone. IGF-1 plays a significant role in memory, learning, and overall cognitive function, and its release is often triggered by exercise.

Peptides (in hormone context)

Peptides are short strings of amino acids that can resemble or mimic natural hormones or hormone-releasing factors. When injected, they can stimulate the body's own production and release of specific hormones, such as growth hormone, by acting on upstream pathways like the growth hormone-releasing hormone pathway.

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Do food shapes indicate their health benefits for specific organs?

No, there is no scientific evidence to support the idea that the shape of a food is relevant to its functional role or health benefits for a particular organ in the body.

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What is metabolism?

Metabolism is the consumption and utilization of energy in the body's cells for growth, repair, and day-to-day maintenance of function, with the brain consuming about 75% of basal metabolic needs.

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How do hormones generally signal throughout the body?

Neurons in the hypothalamus of the brain release 'releasing hormones' which signal the pituitary gland to release 'stimulating hormones,' which then travel to target organs (like the thyroid) to stimulate their function.

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What are the primary functions of thyroid hormone (T3 and T4)?

Thyroid hormone primarily promotes metabolism, including the utilization of energy for the buildup and repair of tissues such as muscle, liver, cartilage, and bone, and helps in converting fats and sugars into usable energy.

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What nutrients are essential for healthy thyroid function?

Iodine, L-tyrosine, and selenium are crucial for the thyroid gland to produce sufficient levels of thyroid hormones T3 and T4.

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Can 'clean eating' or specific diets negatively impact thyroid hormone levels?

Yes, diets very rich in cruciferous vegetables can interfere with thyroid function, increasing the need for iodine. Similarly, very low-carb (ketogenic) diets can slightly lower T3 and T4 levels.

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What are the natural triggers for growth hormone release during sleep?

Growth hormone is released during the early part of slow-wave (deep) sleep, specifically triggered by delta wave brain activity, and its release is optimized when blood insulin and glucose levels are relatively low.

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What type and duration of exercise best stimulate growth hormone release?

High-intensity weight training or endurance training, lasting about 60-75 minutes, preceded by a proper warm-up to elevate body temperature, leads to significant increases in growth hormone.

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How do amino acid supplements like arginine or L-citrulline affect growth hormone levels?

Arginine and L-citrulline can substantially increase growth hormone levels (400-600% above baseline), with L-citrulline often being more effective at raising blood arginine levels, but these effects are blunted if blood glucose is high.

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Can heat exposure increase growth hormone?

Yes, deliberate hyperthermia, such as specific sauna protocols involving high temperatures and cycles of heating and cooling, can lead to dramatic increases in growth hormone release, potentially up to 16-fold.

1. Optimize Deep Sleep for GH

Prioritize and optimize for slow-wave (deep) sleep, especially in the first half of the night, as this brain activity triggers the majority of growth hormone secretion crucial for tissue repair and metabolism.

2. Fast Before Sleep for GH

Avoid eating within two hours of going to sleep to ensure blood insulin and glucose levels are relatively low, which is a necessary condition for optimal growth hormone release during early sleep.

3. Warm Up & Exercise for GH

Perform a 10-minute body-warming warm-up before engaging in 60-75 minutes of high-intensity exercise (weight training or endurance, not to absolute failure) to significantly increase growth hormone during and after the workout.

4. Sauna for Massive GH Boost

Engage in deliberate hyperthermia (e.g., sauna at 175-210°F / 80-100°C for 20-30 minutes, followed by 30 minutes of cooling, repeated for several days) to dramatically increase growth hormone release (up to 16-fold) and reduce cortisol levels, but proceed with extreme caution and medical clearance.

5. Offset GH Decline with Behaviors

Actively engage in behaviors known to increase growth hormone, such as specific exercise protocols and sleep optimization, to potentially offset the significant age-related decline in growth hormone levels that occurs in the 30s and 40s.

6. Ensure Adequate Iodine Intake

Make sure you are getting sufficient iodine through your diet, as it is absolutely essential for the thyroid gland to produce T3 and T4 hormones, which are crucial for overall metabolism, tissue repair, and cognitive function.

7. Boost Selenium for Thyroid

Increase your selenium intake, potentially by consuming 6-8 Brazil nuts (which contain ~550mcg of selenium) or other selenium-rich foods, because selenium is important for L-tyrosine and iodine to interact and produce thyroid hormones.

8. Consume Sufficient L-Tyrosine

Ensure you consume enough L-tyrosine from sources like meat and nuts, as this amino acid works with iodine in the thyroid to produce T3 and T4 hormones, supporting healthy metabolism.

9. Nourish Thyroid for Brain

Consume foods and nutrients (iodine, selenium, L-tyrosine) that support healthy thyroid hormone levels, as robust thyroid function is crucial for brain metabolism and cognitive function, given the brain accounts for 75% of basal metabolic needs.

10. Consult Doctor for Thyroid

Always consult a doctor for blood tests if you are concerned about your thyroid hormone levels or before supplementing iodine or selenium, as manipulating hormone levels is a serious matter requiring professional medical advice.

11. Use Extreme Hyperthermia Caution

Exercise extreme caution and consult a doctor before attempting deliberate hyperthermia, as overheating is dangerous and can lead to severe health consequences, including cooking brain neurons and death.

12. Physician Consultation for Hormones

Always consult a physician before considering prescription hormones or peptides, as these compounds are legally available only through a doctor and medical guidance is essential for safety and appropriate use.

13. Exogenous Hormones Suppress Natural Production

Be aware that injecting exogenous hormones (e.g., thyroid, testosterone, growth hormone) will typically shut down the body’s natural production, which is a critical consideration for long-term planning as stopping injections may lead to a period of deficiency or permanent shutdown.

14. GH Can Stimulate Tumor Growth

Be aware that increased growth hormone levels, especially constant ones from injections, can stimulate the growth of existing tumors, which is a significant health risk necessitating careful medical screening.

15. Arginine Lowers Blood Pressure

Be aware that arginine and L-citrulline cause vasodilation and can lower blood pressure, which can be dangerous for individuals with heart conditions or those on blood pressure medication, requiring medical consultation.

16. Cool Down After Exercise

Actively cool down your body to normal temperature relatively quickly after exercise, as rapid cooling helps maximize the subsequent increase in growth hormone release during the following night’s sleep.

17. Low Glucose for Exercise GH

Ensure blood glucose levels are relatively low before and during exercise aimed at boosting growth hormone, and avoid ingesting caloric sugars, as high blood glucose can suppress growth hormone release.

18. Meditate for Delta Brain Waves

Practice 20 minutes of traditional sitting meditation daily, as certain types of meditation can induce slow-wave delta-type brain activity, which is associated with triggering growth hormone release similar to deep sleep.

19. Micro-Dose Melatonin for Sleep

If considering melatonin supplementation, use very low doses (e.g., 500 micrograms) to potentially aid the transition to slow-wave sleep, as this may shift early night sleep patterns towards more delta wave activity and improve growth hormone release.

20. Sex-Specific Exercise for GH

Women should aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise for maximum growth hormone and IGF-1 peaks, while men should continue for the entire 60 minutes, as GH and IGF-1 release patterns during exercise are sex-dependent.

21. Arginine/Citrulline for GH (Caution)

Consider supplementing with L-citrulline (or arginine) to increase growth hormone, but be aware of the need for low blood glucose, potential GI issues with high arginine doses (3-10g), and that L-citrulline may be a more effective route to increase blood arginine levels.

22. Arginine & Exercise GH Interaction

Understand that combining arginine supplementation with exercise does not synergistically increase growth hormone beyond what either would achieve alone, as the effects appear to be clamped at about 300-500% increases.

23. Alternative Deliberate Hyperthermia

If a sauna is unavailable, consider alternative methods for deliberate hyperthermia, such as wearing plastic body suits or creating a hot, steamy room environment, always with extreme caution due to the inherent risks of overheating.

24. Limit Emulsifiers in Diet

Be cautious about consuming highly processed foods containing emulsifiers, as they can strip the gut’s mucosal lining and impair satiety signals, potentially leading to overeating.

25. Adjust Iodine for Diet Type

Adjust your iodine intake based on your diet type; if purely plant-based with many cruciferous vegetables or purely meat-based/keto, ensure sufficient iodine, as these diets can increase requirements or interfere with thyroid function.

26. Gradual Carb Reintroduction Post-Keto

If transitioning from a long-term ketogenic diet, reintroduce carbohydrates gradually, as ketogenic diets can lower thyroid hormone levels, and a sudden reintroduction of carbs may lead to rapid weight gain.

27. Selenium for Broader Health

Consider ensuring sufficient selenium intake for potential health benefits beyond thyroid function, such as reducing the risk of preeclampsia, prostate cancer, and acne.

28. Sweet Taste Triggers Insulin

Be aware that any very sweet taste, even from non-caloric sweeteners or just the smell of baked goods, can trigger an insulin response, which helps manage blood sugar and insulin secretion.

29. Understand Peptide Secretagogues

Understand that peptides like Sermorelin are secretagogues that stimulate the body’s own release of hormones (e.g., GH) from the pituitary, rather than directly injecting the hormone itself, which is a distinct approach from direct hormone replacement.

30. Peptides Influence Gene Expression

Be aware that some peptides can alter gene expression, potentially leading to sustained hormone production even after cessation of use, which can be both beneficial and risky if not carefully managed.

31. Review Books with Blinkist

Use Blinkist to review non-fiction books by listening to or reading 15-minute summaries, as it helps jog memory and uncover key points that might have been missed during initial consumption, enhancing learning.

32. Drink Mushroom Coffee for Benefits

Consider drinking Four Sigmatic mushroom coffee, which contains lion’s mane and chaga mushrooms, as these may slightly reduce anxiety, lower depression symptoms, and offset cognitive decline.

Disregard the belief that a food’s shape indicates its health benefits for specific organs (e.g., walnuts for brain), as there is no scientific evidence to support this idea.

The idea that the shape of some food is an indication of whether or not that food would be healthy for a particular organ in the body is absolutely unfounded.

Andrew Huberman

Most of your metabolic needs, your so-called basal or resting metabolic needs are for your brain, for thinking.

Andrew Huberman

Metabolism isn't just about losing weight, but having a high metabolism, provided it's not too high, is great. It means that you will have more lean tissue, more bone and muscle and less adipose tissue, fat.

Andrew Huberman

If you hear the word releasing hormone, it's coming from the brain and that makes it actionable in certain ways that we'll return to later.

Andrew Huberman

Growth hormone levels it seems are dropping when people are in their 30s and 40s and they're dropping substantially and that seems to be the case across the board.

Andrew Huberman

Deliberate Hyperthermia Protocol for Growth Hormone Release

Andrew Huberman
  1. Enter a sauna heated to 176-215 degrees Fahrenheit (80-100 degrees Celsius) for 20 minutes.
  2. Exit the sauna and cool down for 30 minutes (e.g., cool shower, cold exposure, or simply resting in a cooler environment).
  3. Re-enter the sauna for another 20 minutes.
  4. Repeat this cycle for three consecutive days to achieve maximal increases in growth hormone (up to 16-fold).
75%
Brain's contribution to basal metabolic needs Even when doing nothing but thinking, the brain consumes about 75% of the body's resting metabolic needs.
100-200 micrograms
Daily iodine requirement Average recommended daily intake, though it varies by country; people near the ocean may absorb it from the air.
550 micrograms
Selenium content in Brazil nuts Found in just 6-8 Brazil nuts, a very high concentration compared to other foods.
30-50 micrograms
Selenium content in other foods (e.g., fish, ham, beef, mushrooms) Amount found in typical serving sizes of foods like yellowfin tuna, ham, beef, or a bowl of mushrooms.
30-40 micrograms
Children's daily selenium requirement For children 14 years or younger, significantly lower than adult requirements.
500 micrograms
Melatonin dosage for growth hormone release Very low dose (half a milligram) shown to shift early night sleep towards slow-wave deep sleep, aiding GH release.
60-75 minutes
Exercise duration for maximum growth hormone release Duration of high-intensity weight or endurance training, after a warm-up, for optimal GH increase.
300-500%
Increase in growth hormone from specific exercise protocols Increase in resting GH levels and GH released the following night when exercise is done under optimal conditions (warm-up, low blood glucose, proper duration).
3-10 grams
Arginine dosage for growth hormone increase Oral dosage; more than 9 grams can blunt the effect; requires low blood glucose.
400-600%
Increase in growth hormone from arginine supplementation Increase above baseline, comparable to exercise-induced increases, but does not synergize with exercise.
2-3 fold
Age-related decline in nocturnal growth hormone release Reduction in the amount of GH released each night between the ages of 30 and 40.
176-215 degrees Fahrenheit (80-100 degrees Celsius)
Sauna temperature range for growth hormone increase Temperature of the sauna environment, not internal body temperature, for deliberate hyperthermia protocols.
Up to 16-fold (1600%)
Increase in growth hormone from specific sauna protocols Observed increase in GH release after repeated sauna sessions (e.g., 3 consecutive days) following a specific heat/cool cycle.
20 minutes
Sauna duration for initial GH increase Part of a protocol for increasing growth hormone, followed by a cooling period.
30 minutes
Cooling period duration in sauna protocol Follows a 20-minute sauna session in a protocol designed to increase growth hormone.